Dental jacket-crowns and frames therefor



"Tannin-v Aug. 16, 1960 l. NEUSTADTER DENTAL JACKET-CROWNS AND FRAMES THEREFOR Filed May 19, 1958 FIG.!

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DENTAL JACKET-CROWNS AND FRAMES THEREFOR Filed May 19, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS United States Patent DENTAL JACKET-CROWNS AND FRAMES THEREFOR Irving Neustadter, 246 Bay 19th St, Brooklyn, N.Y.

Filed May 1a, 1958, Ser. No. 736,187

'11 Claims. (Cl. 32-42) This invention relates generally to a dental-jacket crown and, more particularly, to a dental jacket-crown of the frame supported type.

In my previous Patent No. 2,799,933, issued July 23, 1957, I disclose an improved dental jacket-crown and method of making dental restorations of the frame supported jacket-crown type, in which the jacket-crown includes mesial and distal recess portions open at the outer lingual side of the jacket-crown and closed at the labial or buccal side of the jacket-crown, these recesses being adapted to be supported by vertical core parts or flanges extending upwardly from the restoration metal frame. Because of these recesses, it has been found difficult to make the mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall of any substantial thickness in the area where these edges joined the vertical shoulders of the jacket-crown.

Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a jacket-crown which is thicker and stronger mesially-distally as well as lingually-labially than jacketcrowns as heretofore constructed.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a jacket-crown and frame therefor wherein the jacketcrown is supported on the jacket frame by a continuous peripheral shoulder extending throughout the inner portions of the jacket-crown.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a dental restoration frame for supporting a jacket-crown on a continuous peripheral shoulder on the jacket frame.

Yet another object of the invention is the provision of an improved dental jacket-crown of the frame supported type and an improved metal restoration frame therefor.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description considered in connection with the accompanying illustrative drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an enlarged rear perspective view of an anterior jacket-crown formed according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is a plan view taken on line 44 of Figure 1;

Fig. 5 is a front view of a model of anterior upper teeth showing some teeth missing and the root canals drilled out to receive projecting pins of the metal frame;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the restoration frame that is adapted to be mounted in the model of Figure 5;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation view taken on ,line.7-7. of Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a front View of a model showing the metal restoration frame in dotted lines mounted on the model and the jacket-crowns in position on the metal frame;

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view on line 10'10 .of Figure 9;

ice

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 11- 11 of Figure 9;

Fig. 12 is a rear elevation view of the jacket-crown taken on line 12-12 of Figure 11;

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 to 4 thereof, there is shown an anterior jacketcrown or restoration tooth 10 which is adapted for securement to the restoration frame 12 in a manner to be described in detail hereinafter. The jacket-crown 10 comprises a labial wall 14, a lingual wall 16, and mesial and distal walls 18 and 20, respectively, the jacket-crown being in the form of a hollow tooth shaped body having interior opening 22 therein. The lingual wall 16 extends in a vertical direction between the gingival edge portion 24 and the occlusal or incisal edge 26 of the tooth body, and has mesial and distal edges 28 and 30, respectively, said edges extending toward the occlusal or incisal edge 26 of the tooth body along convexly curved surfaces as illustrated. The labial wall 14 terminates at its mesial and distal wall portions 18 and 20, at the lingual side of the tooth body in vertical edge portions 32 and 34. These vertical wall portions, 32 and 34, extend in a gingival to incisal direction and also extend laterally in a mesial to distal direction, intersecting the convexly curved mesialdistal edges 28 and 30 of lingual wall 16 above the incisal edge 26 of the tooth body. Extending from the inner surface 36 of the labial wall of the tooth body toward the lingual side thereof, is edge 33, having the same curvature as the inner surface of labial wall 14. 'It will be noted that labial wall edge 38 merges with the upper surfaces of mesial and distal edge portions 28 and 30 at gingival edge portion 24 of the tooth body forming a continuous peripheral inner shoulder 40 for supporting the jacket-crown on the restoration metal frame along the entire inner periphery of the jacket crown. From the foregoing it will be apparent that the amount of material between interior opening 22 and lingual wall 16 has been substantially increased to provide a jacket-crown for dental restoration frames which is thicker and stronger mesially-distally and also lingually-labially than jacketcrowns as heretofore constructed.

The inner opening 22 of the jacket-crown is constructed to receive core 42 of the dental restoration frame. The inner opening 22 is comprised of a vertical continuous wall 44 extending in a gingival to incisal direction, as may be seen from Figure 3, and also extending continuously along the entire inner periphery of opening 22. Merging into vertical wall 44 at the labial side of the jacket-crown is wall 46, and at the lingual side of the jacket-crown is wall 48, the walls converging toward each other as viewed in Figure 3 to meet at edge portion 50 above occlusal edge 26 of the jacket-crown. Walls 46 and 48 provide a seat for converging surfaces 52 and 54 of core 42 of the dental restoration frame. It will be noted that the slope of inner labial wall 46 is approxi mately parallel to the slope of labial wall 14. It will also be noted that the slope of inner lingual wall 48 is approximately parallel to the slope of lingual wall 16. Wall 46 in addition to providing a good bearing support surface for converging surface 54 of core 42 of the restoration frame, also increases the labial wall thickness of the jacket-crown providing increased opacity at the labial side thereof to greatly enhance the aesthetic characteristics of the jacket-crown.

The restoration frame 12, as illustrated in Figure 6, may be constructed to suppont one .or more jacket-crowns of the character described above the frame of the illustrated embodiment comprising a plurality of interconnected separate frame parts 56, the end frame parts 56' constituting abutments for the support of the restoration in a patients jaw, it being understood that said abutment may be of any desired form or construction Patented Aug. 16, 19 0;

depending upon the preference of the dentist, as fully discussed in my previous Patent No. 2,799,933. The frame part 56 is adapted to support a companion anterior jacket-crown and has a vertically extending core part 42 which interfits with the opening 2201: the jacketcrown. The core part is provided with a front converging surface 54 and a rear converging surface 52 which abut against and support inner labial wall 46 and inner lingual wall 48, respectively, of the jacketcrown. The frame part 56 has a gingival surface portion 58 which is adapted to abut the gum of the patient and interfit therewith when the restoration is secured in position in the patients mouth as described in my previous Patent No. 2,799,933. The frame part 56 further includes horizontal shoulder 60 which extends along the entire periphery of frame part 56 and is adapted to support on its entire surface the continuous inner shoulder 40 of the jacket-crown 1t). Extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction and upwardly in a gingival to occlusal direction from horizontal shoulder 60 are concavely curved flanges or uprights 62 and 64 which are adapted to abut and interfit with mesial and distal edges 28 and 30 of lingual wall 16 of the jacketcrown, when core 42 of the frame part is positioned in opening 22 of the jacket crown. Vertical wall portions 61 and 63 on the labial side of uprights 62 and 64 abut against vertical edge portions 32 and 34 of the jacket-crown when the jacket-crown is positioned on the frame. Each of the frame parts 56 is of one piece cast construction and it will be apparent that each frame part is cast complementary to its companion jacketcrown whereby to provide for the interfit of said jacketcrown with its companion frame part. Frame parts are attached to each other to malce up a dental restoration metal frame by joining succeeding uprights to each other, as by soldering or welding. As discussed in my previously Patent No. 2,799,933, the jacket-crowns to be used for the restoration are prefabricated and are selected by the dentist in accordance with the particular restoration to be made and frame parts 56 are cast to fit and support their companion jacket-crowns as described in my previous patent. The arcuate gingival edge portion 24 of lingual wall 16 of the jacket-crown is adapted to be received in the complementary arcuate horizontal shoulder portion 60 provided in its companion frame part at the lingual side of the dental frame. Edge 38 extending from the inner surface of labial wall 14 of the jacket-crown is adapted to be received in the complementary arcuate horizontal shoulder portion 60' of the dental frame at the labial side of the frame. From the above it will be apparent that when the core 42 is disposed in the internal opening 22 of the jacket crown the concave uprights 62 and 64 of frame part 56 abut and interfit with the companion convex mesial and distal edges 28 and 30- of the jacket-crown. This interfitting relation between the gingival edge portion 24, inner labial wall edge 38, and mesial and distal edge portions 28 and 30 of the jacket-crown and their companion surfaces on frame part 56 provides a continuous horizontal shoulder for supporting the jacket-crown along its entire inner periphery. This relatively high engagement between the jacket-crown and its supporting frame part 56 permits the latter to be mesial and distal contoured, as indicated at 66 and 68 at its gingival edge so that the gingival anterior edge 70 of the jacket-crown may be mesially and distally contoured to provide aesthetical and hygienically desired intel-proximal spaces 72 with an adjacent jacket-crown without causing the frame to be viewed from the front of the users mouth as indicated in Figure 9. Each of the frame parts 56 is individually made to fit a companion jacket-crown in said frame part and may be intercon nected to each other in any suitable manner, for example, by a conventional soldering operation, as discussed in my previous patent. It will also be apparent that the restoration described above may be of the removable type.

While I have illustrated this invention as applied to an anterior jacket-crown and frame therefor, the principles of this invention are also applicable to a posterior tooth as well.

The method of preparing the dental restoration is explained in my previous Patent No. 2,799,933 and would serve no purpose in being repeated here.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that various changes may be made therein without departing fromthe underlying idea or principles of the invention within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. A dental jacket-crown for a restoration of the frame supported type, said jacket-crown having an edge extending from the labial internal wall surface of the jacketcrown toward the lingual side thereof, the lingual wall of the jacket-crown having mesial and distal edges extending toward the occlusal edge of the tooth along convexly curved surfaces, said lingual wall edges meeting the vertical edge portions. of the jacket-crown above the incisal edge of said crown, said labial wall edge and said mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall forming a continuous inner peripheral shoulder for mounting on a corresponding shoulder in the supporting frame.

2. A dental jacket-crown for a restoration of the frame supported type, said jacket-crown comprising, a hollow tooth-shaped body having an edge extending from the inner surface of the labial wall of said body, the labial wall of said body having vertical edges at the mesial and distal Walls thereof, said edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction, the lingual wall of said body having edges extending in a mesial to distal direction along convexly curved surfaces toward the incisal edge of the tooth, said mesial-distal edges and said vertical edges meeting above the incisal edge of said tooth body at the lingual side thereof, said mesial-distal edges and said labial wall edge comprising a continuous inner peripheral shoulder on said tooth body for mounting on a corresponding shoulder in the supporting frame.

3. A dental jacket-crown for a restoration of the frame supported type, said jacket-crown comprising, a hollow tooth-shaped body having an edge extending from the inner surface of the labial wall of said body, the labial wall of said body having vertical edges at the mesial and distal walls thereof, said edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction, the lingual wall of said body having edges extending in a mesial to distal direc tion along convexly curved surfaces toward the incisal edge of the tooth, said mesial-distal edges and said vertical edges meeting above the incisal edge of said tooth body at the lingual side thereof, said labial wall edge meeting said mesial-distal edges at the gingival edge of said lingual wall, said mesial-distal edges and said labial wall edge comprising a continuous inner peripheral shoulder on said tooth body for mounting on a corresponding shoulder in the supporting frame.

4. A dental jacket-crown for a restoration of the frame supported type, said jacket-crown comprising, a hollow tooth-shaped body having an edge extending from the inner surface of the labial wall of said body, the labial wall of said body having vertical edges at the mesial and distal walls thereof, said edges extending in a gingival t0 incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction, the lingual wall of said body having edges extending in a mesial to distal direction along convexly curved surfaces toward the incisal edge of the tooth, said mesial-distal edges and said vertical edges meeting above the incisal edge of said tooth body at the lingual side thereof, said labial wall edge meeting said mesial-distal edges at the gingival edge of said lingual wall, said mesia1-distal edges of the lingual wall, said gingival edge of the lingual wall, and said labial Wall edge forming an internal continuous horizontal inner peripheral shoulder on said tooth body for mounting on a corresponding shoulder in the supporting frame.

5. A dental restoration comprising, a frame and a companion jacket-crown mounted thereon, said jacketcrown comprising a hollow tooth-shaped body, said frame having a core interfitting with said body internally thereof, said body having a continuous peripheral shoulder, and said frame having a complementary peripheral shoulder for supporting said jacket-crown on said shoulder.

6. A dental restoration comprising, a frame and a companion jacket-crown mounted thereon, said jacketcrown having an edge extending from the labial internal wall surface of the jacket-crown toward the lingual side thereof, the lingual wall of the jacket-crown having mesial and distal edges extending toward the occlusal edge of the tooth along convexly curved surfaces, said lingual wall edges meeting the vertical edge portions of the jacketcrown above the incisal edge of said crown, said labial wall edge and said mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall comprising a continuous inner peripheral shoulder, said frame having a corresponding shoulder for supporting said jacket-crown thereon.

7. A dental restoration comprising, a frame and a companion jacket-crown mounted thereon, said jacketcrown comprising a hollow tooth-shaped body having an edge extending from the inner surface of the labial wall of said body, the labial Wall of said body having vertical edges at the mesial and distal walls thereof, said edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction, the lingual wall of said body having edges extending in a mesial to distal direction along convexly curved surfaces toward the incisal edge of the tooth, said mesialdistal edges and said vertical edges meeting above the incisal edge of said tooth body at the lingual side thereof, said mesial-distal edges and said labial wall edge comprising an internal continuous peripheral shoulder on said tooth body for mounting on a corresponding shoulder in said supporting frame, said frame having vertical wall portions for abutment against said jacket-crown vertical edges when said jacket-crown is mounted thereon.

8. A restoration tooth adapted for securement to the core and adjacent parts of a restoration frame disposed laterally of said core, said tooth having an internal opening therein to receive said core, said opening comprising, converging inner walls, the lingual side of said tooth comprising a gingival edge portion, and mesial and distal edges extending toward the occlusal edge of the tooth along convexly curved surfaces, the labial side of said tooth comprising mesial and distal wall portions, said wall portions having vertical edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction toward the lingual side of the tooth body, said vertical edges and said mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall intersecting above the incisal edge of the tooth, the inner surface of the labial wall having an edge extending therefrom, said edge and said lingual wall mesial and distal edges comprising a horizontal shoulder for supporting said tooth body in a restoration frame along the entire periphery of the tooth body.

9. A dental restoration comprising a restoration frame and a companion jacket-crown mounted thereon, said jacket-crown comprising a hollow tooth-shaped body adapted for securement to the core and adjacent parts of a restoration frame disposed laterally of said core, said tooth having an internal opening therein to receive said core, said opening comprising converging inner walls,

the lingual side of said tooth comprising a gingival edge portion, and mesial and distal edges extending toward the occlusal edge of the tooth along convexly curved surfaces, the labial side of said tooth comprising mesial and distal wall portions, said wall portions having vertical edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction toward the lingual side of the tooth body, said vertical edges and said mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall intersecting above the incisal edge of the tooth, the inner surface of the labial wall having an edge extending therefrom, said edge and said lingual wall mesial and distal edges comprising a horizontal shoulder for supporting said tooth body in said restoration frame along the periphery of the tooth body on complementary surfaces on said tooth frame.

10. A dental restoration comprising -a restoration frame and a companion jacket-crown mounted thereon, said jacket-crown comprising a hollow tooth-shaped body adapted for securement to the core and adjacent parts of a restoration frame disposed laterally of said core, said tooth having an internal opening therein to receive said core, said opening comprising converging inner walls, the lingual side of said tooth comprising a gingival edge portion, and mesial and distal edges extending toward the occlusal edge of the tooth along convexly curved surfaces, the labial side of said tooth comprising mesial and distal wall portions, said wall portions having vertical edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction toward the lingual side of the tooth body, said vertical edges and said mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall intersecting above the incisal edge of the tooth, the inner surface of the labial wall having an edge extending therefrom, said edge and said lingual wall mesial and distal edges comprising a horizontal shoulder for supporting said tooth body in said restoration frame along the periphery of the tooth body on complementary surfaces on said tooth frame, said tooth having its gingival anterior edges mesially and distally contoured to provide interproximal spaces with an adjacent similar tooth in the gingival region of said teeth.

11. A restoration tooth adapted for securement to the core and adjacent parts of a restoration frame disposed laterally of said core, said tooth having an internal opening therein to receive said core, said opening comprising converging inner walls, the lingual side of said tooth comprising a gingival edge portion, and mesial and distal edges extending toward the occlusal edge of the tooth along oonvexly curved surfaces, the labial side of said tooth comprising mesial and distal wall portions, said wall portions having vertical edges extending in a gingival to incisal direction and also extending laterally in a mesial to distal direction toward the lingual side of the tooth body, said vertical edges and said mesial and distal edges of the lingual wall intersecting above the incisal edge of the tooth, the inner surface of the labial wall having an edge extending therefrom, said edge and said lingual wall mesial and distal edges comprising a horizontal shoulder for supporting said tooth body in a restoration frame along the periphery of the tooth body, said tooth having its gingival anterior edges mesially and distally contoured to provide interproximal spaces with an adjacent similar tooth in the gingival region.

Goslee July 4, 1911 Whiteside Feb. 22, 1916 

